More news on this subject
Previous
European Union pushes ahead with a plan to buy weapons for Ukraine with frozen Russian asset profits
apnews.com/article/russia-eu-frozen-assets-ukraine-windfall-profits-59ee5d2d7d3a99b383b16796097c7ed9
Quick Glance: Europe Considers Using Profits from Russian Assets to Arm Ukraine
- Following the freezing of over $300 billion in assets, European leaders may propose utilizing profits from immobilized assets to aid Ukraine.
- A proposal could offer about $3 billion annually for weapons to support Ukraine in battle as U.S. funding stalls and Ukraine faces desperation.
- Despite the potential aid for Ukraine, the proposal is viewed by some as not extraordinary but also not negligible.
- The debate on using frozen assets gains momentum as the EU grapples with how to address Russia's threat to global stability.
CRRC Pulls Out of €610 Million Bulgarian Train Tender After EU Probe: A Chinese company abandoned a €610 million ($660 million) Bulgarian railway tender after a ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-26/china-company-pulls-out-of-bulgarian-train-tender-after-eu-probe
EU Is Losing Its Economic Competitiveness, German Executives Say: A majority of German executives think the European Union has lost attractiveness as a place for ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-20/eu-is-losing-its-economic-competitiveness-german-executives-say
Paid articlePaid
Quick Glance: Concern Among German Leaders Regarding EU's Decreasing Economic Competitiveness
- A recent survey by the DIHK industry lobby indicates that the majority of German executives believe the European Union has experienced a decline in attractiveness as a business location.
- Among the 3,000 German companies surveyed, 56% expressed that the EU's competitiveness as a business site has waned over the past five years, with only 7% perceiving an improvement.
- Manufacturing firms hold a notably pessimistic outlook, with two-thirds noting deteriorating business conditions in recent years, primarily attributing it to escalating costs linked to high energy prices. Excessive bureaucracy and trade barriers further contribute to their negative assessment.
- Deputy German Economy Minister Franziska Brantner emphasized the need to streamline bureaucracy and enhance efficiency to boost Europe's competitiveness during an event in Berlin.
France's Macron says proposed EU-Mercosur agreement is 'very bad deal': French President Emmanuel Macron said on Wednesday during his visit to Brazil that a ...
reut.rs/4adkAVq
LIVE: Farmers protest with tractors in Brussels as EU agriculture ministers meet: Reuters Live on X (Twitter)
twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1yNGaZqoPpgJj
Quick Glance: Farmers Rally for Food Security
- Farmers protest against food imports and labeling.
- Protests highlight the growing challenges faced by British farming.
- Criticism of trade deals and inadequate food security monitoring.
- Call for European regulation alignment to support British farmers.
Ukraine Agriculture Minister: EU Grain Debate as More About Politics Than Trade: A push by several European Union member states to limit the import of grain from ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-25/ukraine-agriculture-minister-eu-grain-debate-as-more-about-politics-than-trade
Paid articlePaid
Holidaymakers going to EU caught out by 10-year-passport rule: UK passports can have up to 10 years and nine months on them but EU countries won't accept them.
bbc.com/news/business-68658209
Poland investigating Russian espionage, security agency says: Poland's Internal Security Agency (ABW) has carried out searches as part of an investigation with ...
reuters.com/world/europe/poland-investigating-russian-espionage-security-agency-says-2024-03-28/
Slovakia, the EU’s next rule of law headache: Prime Minister Robert Fico’s first steps since returning to power have set off familiar alarm bells in Brussels.
politico.eu/article/slovakia-eu-rule-of-law-prime-minister-robert-fico/
Major EU climate protection plan shelved following farmer protests: A major European Union plan to fight climate change and better protect nature in the ...
business-standard.com/world-news/major-eu-climate-protection-plan-shelved-following-farmer-protests-124032500398_1.html
Russian businesses get shut out from Microsoft cloud services at the end of this month – new EU sanctions come into effect
tomshardware.com/software/russian-businesses-get-shut-out-from-microsoft-cloud-services-at-the-end-of-this-month-new-eu-sanctions-come-into-effect
EU Finds Compromise to Extend Tariff-Free Trade for Ukraine: European Union member states struck a hard-fought compromise Wednesday to extend tariff-free trade ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-27/eu-finds-compromise-to-extend-tarrif-free-trade-for-ukraine
Paid articlePaid
Rheinmetall to receive €130 million from EU to expand ammunition production: Rheinmetall aims to produce up to 1.1 million artillery shells a year by 2027
pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/03/26/7448294/
Europe now has its own Hyperloop: 400 meters, that's how long the test track in the Netherlands is; including a curve. Speeds of up to 100 km/h should be ...
diepresse.com/18318304/europa-hat-jetzt-seinen-eigenen-hyperloop
EU opens investigations into Apple, Meta and Google: If they are found to have broken the rules, the firms could be fined up to 10% of their annual turnover.
bbc.com/news/technology-68655093
Czechs Bust Major Russian Propaganda Network: Czech intelligence has busted a Moscow-financed network that spread Russian propaganda and wielded influence across ...
themoscowtimes.com/2024/03/27/czechs-bust-major-russian-propaganda-network-a84656
Poland says breakthrough on Ukrainian grain unlikely in Warsaw talks: The Polish and Ukrainian governments meet in Warsaw on Thursday for talks to defuse a row ...
reuters.com/world/europe/poland-says-breakthrough-ukrainian-grain-unlikely-warsaw-talks-2024-03-28/
Amazon loses court fight to suspend EU tech rules' ad clause: Amazon on Wednesday lost its fight to suspend a requirement regarding its online advertising under ...
reuters.com/technology/eus-top-court-rejects-amazons-request-suspend-eu-tech-rules-ad-clause-2024-03-27/
EU Agrees to Start Talks With Bosnia in Latest Enlargement Push: European Union leaders agreed to open membership talks with Bosnia-Herzegovina as the bloc seeks ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-21/eu-agrees-to-start-talks-with-bosnia-in-latest-enlargement-push
Paid articlePaid
Today in Norway: A roundup of the latest news on Thursday: Norwegians stockpile eggs in Sweden, Storm Hans pushes up cabin insurance claims ...
thelocal.no/20240328/today-in-norway-a-roundup-of-the-latest-news-on-thursday-146
EU to Putin: Don't use Moscow attack to intensify war on Ukraine: Brussels has warned Russian President Vladimir Putin not to use the Moscow terror attack ...
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/25/eu-to-russia-dont-use-moscow-attack-as-pretext-to-intensify-war-on-ukraine
Ireland to sign up to EU migration pact, overhaul accommodation system: Ireland agreed on Wednesday to sign up to new EU rules designed to share out the cost and ...
reuters.com/world/europe/ireland-sign-up-eu-migration-pact-overhaul-accommodation-system-2024-03-27/
Google says will defend its DMA compliance in coming months: Google will continue to defend the way it complies with the Digital Markets Act in the coming months ...
reut.rs/3Vxwzsx
CORRECTIV participates in the largest fact-checking database for the European elections
correctiv.org/in-eigener-sache/2024/03/21/correctiv-beteiligt-sich-an-groesster-faktencheck-datenbank-zur-europawahl/
Scandi happy people laughing: Northern Europeans are the most joyful folk in the world
politico.eu/article/world-happiness-report-northern-europe-finland-denmark-iceland-sweden/
Belgian farmers block EU district as ministers meet: Belgian farmers protest outside a meeting of EU agriculture ministers hoping to calm anger about foreign ...
reuters.com/pictures/belgian-farmers-block-eu-district-ministers-meet-2024-03-26/
Poland Farmer Protests: Polish Farmers Block Key Highway Near German Border: Polish farmers started blocking a key highway near the German border to protest ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-17/polish-farmers-block-key-highway-near-german-border
Paid articlePaid
EU to investigate Apple, Google, Meta for potential Digital Markets Act breaches: EU antitrust regulators on Monday opened their first investigations under the ...
reut.rs/3TRzYkw
Investigation: Belarusian timber enters Poland under false documents, bypassing EU sanctions
kyivindependent.com/investigation-belarusian-timber-imported-into-poland-despite-sanctions/
In France, the Future Is Arriving on a Barge: The Seine is becoming a test case for a European plan to cut carbon emissions by turning rivers into the new ...
nytimes.com/2024/03/26/business/in-france-the-future-is-arriving-on-a-barge.html
EU defence a priority even for eurosceptics: exclusive poll: Nearly half of Europeans agree Brussels should sharpen its military strategy ...
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/27/eu-defence-a-priority-even-for-eurosceptics-exclusive-poll
Polish central bank chief seeks truce with PM Tusk over potential tribunal case, FT reports
reuters.com/world/europe/polish-central-bank-chief-seeks-truce-with-pm-tusk-over-potential-tribunal-case-2024-03-25/
Quick Glance: Polish Central Bank Governor Seeks Truce with PM Tusk Over Tribunal Case
- Polish central bank governor Adam Glapinski is reportedly set to write a letter to Prime Minister Donald Tusk to end their dispute over a potential tribunal case.
- Tusk's government accuses Glapinski of violating constitutional rules with a bond-buying program and misleading the finance ministry.
- A parliamentary commission will investigate the motion before it goes to a full chamber vote. If found guilty by a state tribunal, Glapinski could lose his job and potentially be banned from office.
- Glapinski's deputy stated he will not resign, while Glapinski plans to send a letter to Tusk to initiate a dialogue and address misunderstandings between them.
Orbán breaks EU ranks and congratulates Putin on 'his re-election': Viktor Orbán has congratulated Vladimir Putin on "his re-election" in a ...
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/21/orban-breaks-ranks-with-the-eu-and-congratulates-putin-on-his-re-election
EU, Philippines Announce Restart of Free Trade Talks Seven Years After Halt: The EU and the Philippines announced the resumption of their free trade negotiations ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-19/eu-philippines-announce-restart-of-free-trade-talks
Paid articlePaid
Maersk will avoid Red Sea despite EU security operation: Shipping company Maersk said on Friday it was too early to resume sailings through the Red Sea due to a ...
reut.rs/3TxrM7M
Why is the EU probing Big Tech under the Digital Markets Act?: The European Union on Monday launched investigations into Alphabet, Apple and Meta for potentially ...
reuters.com/technology/why-is-eu-probing-big-tech-under-digital-markets-act-2024-03-25/
Snow falls as parts of Cornwall wake up to blanket of white: Pictures snow that snow has fallen in Launceston, while across the Tamar, there has been significant ...
plymouthherald.co.uk/news/plymouth-news/live-snow-falls-plymouth-wakes-9193479
Earthquakes: The European project preparing for emergencies: Experts at the Institute of Seismology in Thessaloniki, Greece, monitor tremors in real-time for ...
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/18/redact-the-european-project-coordinating-rapid-earthquake-response-in-the-black-sea
Brussels proposes high EU tariffs on Russian grain: The European Commission has proposed a drastic increase in tariffs on Russian grain entering the EU's single ...
de.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/22/brussel-schlagt-hohe-eu-zolle-auf-russisches-getreide-vor-marktturbulenzen-befurchtet
There are reasons to increase tariffs on Russian imports of grains and oil products – EC President
pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/03/22/7447599/
Alde picks Germany's Strack-Zimmermann as lead candidate for EU vote | DPA: Alde, the liberal grouping in the EU parliament, chose Germany's Marie-Agnes ...
nordot.app/1143265471068913994
Greece approves purchase of seven firefighting planes from Canada: Greece on Thursday approved the purchase of seven firefighting aircraft from Canada to bolster ...
reuters.com/world/europe/greece-approves-purchase-seven-firefighting-planes-canada-2024-03-21/
US pushes Israel, Ukraine weapons and Senegal’s election: The US puts pressure on Israel with a draft resolution at the UN.
reuters.com/podcasts/us-pushes-israel-ukraine-weapons-senegals-election-2024-03-22/
Germany, France Lead Call for EIB to Step Up Defense Financing - Bloomberg: Germany and France joined 12 other European Union countries in calling for the ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-17/germany-france-lead-call-for-eib-to-step-up-defense-financing
Paid articlePaid
European Commission increases tariffs on grain imports from Russia and Belarus: The European Commission has presented an official proposal to increase tariffs on ...
pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/03/22/7447672/
Finland gets EU funding to save the Arctic fox: In the early 2000s, there were only around 40-60 Arctic foxes in Finland, Sweden and Norway ...
yle.fi/a/74-20080273
European leaders call for nuclear industry revival: Leaders from pro-nuclear European countries and energy experts called for a nuclear energy revival on ...
reuters.com/business/energy/european-leaders-call-nuclear-industry-revival-2024-03-21/
EU ministers agree new Russia sanctions over Navalny death: European Union foreign ministers have agreed new sanctions on Russia in response to the death of ...
nordot.app/1142476749974143830
French competition watchdog hits Google with 250 mln euro fine: France's competition watchdog on Wednesday said it fined Google 250 million euros ($271 ...
reut.rs/495sEX3
Quick Glance: Google Fined €250 Million by French Authorities for Media Payment Deal Breach
- French authorities fined Google €250 million for breaking a deal regarding payment to media businesses for online reproduction of their material.
- Google was accused by the French competition authority of violating four out of seven agreements included in the settlement, including lack of transparency and failure to negotiate in good faith with publishers.
- The competition authority stated that Google's AI-powered chatbot Bard, later renamed Gemini, used material from publishers and news agencies without permission.
- Google stated that it has signed licensing agreements with 280 French news publishers and pledged to collaborate with them, while disputing the proportionality of the French competition authority's fine.
Right-wing extremist expelled from Switzerland: Sellner must remigrate: The Austrian Identitarian Martin Sellner is taken away during a lecture in a Swiss inn ...
taz.de/!5996277/
Quick Glance: Entry Ban for Martin Sellner in Germany
- The city of Potsdam has initiated an entry ban against far-right extremist Martin Sellner.
- The ban is due to reasons of public order and security and will last for three years.
- Sellner plans to legally challenge the entry ban as he is considered a key figure in the far-right Identitarian movement.
- Revelations about meetings with extremists sparked protests against the far-right and the AfD in Germany.
EU states impose sanctions over Navalny's death: The death of Alexei Navalny caused horror around the world. One day after the presidential election in Russia ...
focus.de/politik/ausland/eu-staaten-verhaengen-sanktionen-wegen-tod-von-nawalny_id_259773550.html
Quick Glance: EU Imposes Sanctions Following Nawalny's Death
- The EU enforces sanctions against Russia in response to Nawalny's death during the presidential election.
- The EU blames Putin and Russian authorities for Nawalny's death, calling for consequences. Nawalny's widow believes he was murdered in the camp.
- EU foreign ministers plan to issue a statement on Putin's controversial election victory and impose sanctions on double-digit justice representatives.
- Existing economic sanctions against Russia due to the Ukraine conflict, as well as new sanctions on the second anniversary of the conflict, are already in place.
Emergency in the Gaza Strip: EU states call for an immediate ceasefire: The EU is increasing the pressure on Israel. In view of the dramatic situation of the ...
spiegel.de/ausland/charles-michel-eu-staaten-fordern-sofortige-feuerpause-im-gazakrieg-a-0c75cbde-8b69-468a-8b2e-c3a3bae98964
War in Gaza: Four EU countries want to recognize Palestinian state: At the summit in Brussels, the EU is calling more sharply than ever for a ceasefire in Gaza - ...
spiegel.de/politik/israel-gaza-krieg-vier-eu-laender-wollen-palaestinensischen-staat-anerkennen-a-e55ecbaa-5601-4415-9f90-926b0331a225
Reactions to the "election" in Russia: criticism from the EU, congratulations from the autocrats
spiegel.de/ausland/russland-europa-kritisiert-wahl-ohne-wahl-china-gratuliert-putin-a-882171e6-41c2-4e89-9e3d-4cbb2d5d755d
Quick Glance: Putin revels in electoral victory amidst quiet protests
- Putin secures fifth term easily after suppressing opposition.
- Voters had virtually no choice in the election.
- Critics view the results as predetermined, Putin sees them as trust.
- Protests by the opposition, both in Russia and globally, are downplayed by Putin.
Ukraine Readies Reform Plan to Unlock €50 Billion of EU Aid: Ukraine plans to submit a proposal as early as next week to enact a series of reforms and ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-12/ukraine-readies-reform-plan-to-unlock-50-billion-of-eu-aid
Paid articlePaid
Russia doubles down on Ukraine war while EU leaders are divided on how to finance weapons
politico.eu/article/russia-doubles-down-ukraine-war-while-eu-leaders-divided-how-finance-weapons/
EU Mulls Restrictions on Imports of Russian Agriculture Products: The European Union executive is preparing a proposal to restrict the import of agricultural ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-15/eu-mulls-restrictions-on-imports-of-russian-agriculture-products
Paid articlePaid
Charles Michel: "Every civilian life counts": The President of the European Council tells The Global Conversation that Europe must do more to support Ukraine.
de.euronews.com/2024/03/22/charles-michel-jedes-zivile-leben-zahlt
What will the EU’s proposed act to regulate AI mean for consumers?: How does the bill define AI, how will it protect consumers from abuse, and what do the big ...
theguardian.com/technology/2024/mar/14/what-will-eu-proposed-regulation-ai-mean-consumers
Quick Glance: EU AI Act Approved by European Parliament
- The European Parliament overwhelmingly voted in favor of the AI Act, positioning the EU as a global leader in regulating AI software.
- The legislation establishes a risk-based framework for AI, applying rules and requirements based on the level of risk associated with the use case.
- Penalties for non-compliance under the Act can reach up to 7% of global annual turnover or €35M.
- The AI Act, shaped through extensive negotiations, is expected to be fully implemented by mid-2027.
EU will have to seize Russian assets eventually if it wants a Ukraine win, ECB official says
politico.eu/article/eu-seize-russian-assets-ukraine-win-martins-kazaks/
Quick Glance: Necessity of Confiscating Russian Assets to Support Ukraine Stressed by ECB Official
- Europe's Rightward Shift: Steve Bannon Eyes Comeback After Landmark Victory in Italy.
- Victorious Former EU Parliament Staffer Views Court Verdict as Blow to Politically Motivated Prosecutions of Trump Allies.
- Swiss National Bank President Thomas Jordan to Step Down in September.
- Italian Banks Brace for Uncertain Future After Successful Year, Signaling Issues in Europe's Financial Sector.
Western banks warn of risks in EU plan to grab Russian assets, sources say: Some western banks have begun lobbying against EU proposals to redistribute billions ...
reut.rs/43sQKK4
Germany promises more artillery ammunition for Ukraine: Berlin is promising “an aid package worth almost half a billion euros.”
politico.eu/article/germany-promises-more-artillery-ammunition-for-ukraine/
Estonian PM Kallas backs new EU defence industry commissioner post: Estonian Prime Minister Kaja Kallas has backed the idea of a European Commissioner dedicated ...
reuters.com/world/europe/estonian-pm-kallas-backs-new-eu-defence-industry-commissioner-post-2024-03-21/
Car boss de Meo calls for joint European approach to counter Chinese EVs: Renault CEO and president of the Association of European Automobile Manufacturers ...
reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/car-boss-de-meo-calls-joint-european-approach-counter-chinese-evs-2024-03-19/
Punitive action for human rights violations: EU imposes sanctions against Russia over Navalny's death
spiegel.de/ausland/alexej-nawalny-eu-verhaengt-wegen-sanktionen-gegen-russland-a-1fd3970e-3808-4460-b04e-1c9ec32fc938
EU agrees on sanctions on Hamas, violent West Bank settlers: European Union foreign ministers agreed in principle on Monday to impose sanctions on Israeli ...
reuters.com/world/europe/eu-agrees-sanctions-hamas-violent-west-bank-settlers-2024-03-18/
EU Drafts Law to Send Profits From Frozen Russian Sovereign Assets to Ukraine: The European Union has prepared legislation that would see Ukraine start to ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-18/eu-drafts-law-to-send-russian-central-bank-profits-to-ukraine
Paid articlePaid
Brits to be hit by 27cm of snow as Met Office warns of -2C freeze: Spring may have officially started, but it'll be a return to wintry weather for some in ...
bristolpost.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/uk-weather-brits-hit-27cm-9185991
Farmers' protests: EU to cap some Ukrainian tariff-free imports: Some cereals, like wheat and barley, will remain free of duties despite objections by farmers.
bbc.com/news/world-europe-68615476
Dutch court finds KLM ads were misleading in 'greenwashing' case: A Dutch court ruled on Wednesday that KLM had misled customers with an advertising campaign ...
reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/dutch-court-rule-klm-greenwashing-case-2024-03-20/
EC adopts document on pre-enlargement reforms and policy reviews: The European Commission (EC) on March 21 adopted a Communication on pre-enlargement reforms and ...
georgiatoday.ge/ec-adopts-document-on-pre-enlargement-reforms-and-policy-reviews/
EU Offers Plan to Use Profits of Frozen Russian Cash for Ukraine: The European Union’s top diplomat offered a plan Wednesday to use proceeds from sanctioned ...
bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-20/eu-offers-plan-to-use-profits-of-frozen-russian-cash-for-ukraine
Paid articlePaid
All ski resorts will experience a lack of snow: According to a study, all major ski regions have to prepare for a lack of snow. However ...
spektrum.de/news/klimawandel-alle-skigebiete-werden-schneemangel-verzeichnen/2210998
Quick Glance: All Ski Resorts to Face Snow Shortage
- Scientists predict increasing snow shortage in most ski resorts worldwide due to climate change.
- A drastic reduction in CO2 emissions could mitigate snow shortage and increase the number of days with snow cover.
- Lower elevations in ski resorts are more affected by snow loss, forcing operations to higher altitudes or resorting to artificial means.
- Study examined ski resorts in various regions globally and projected significant losses in natural snow cover by the year 2100.
Parliamentary election in Portugal: The avenger from the right: 50 years after the end of the dictatorship, Portugal elects right-wing extremists to parliament ...
spiegel.de/ausland/portugal-wahl-was-der-triumph-der-rechten-chega-partei-bedeutet-a-96a63cda-637e-44c0-82ea-84b768465383
Quick Glance: Right-Wing Shift in Portugal - Snap Election Possible
- Portugal shifted significantly to the right in the parliamentary election, with the conservative alliance as the winner and the Socialists experiencing losses.
- The right-wing populist party Chega made significant gains and is seen as a potential kingmaker.
- A grand coalition between PS and AD is unlikely, with Montenegro likely to rely on agreements with smaller parties.
- The election reflected social and economic issues such as housing shortages and inflation, which fueled the shift towards the right.
Hungary's Orban ready to 'occupy' Brussels to bring EU change: Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orban said on Friday he was ready to march to Brussels and
reuters.com/world/europe/hungarys-orban-ready-occupy-brussels-bring-eu-change-2024-03-15/
Brussels poised to send billions from frozen Russian assets to Ukraine: Windfall revenues from hundreds of billions in central bank assets held at Euroclear ...
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/20/brussels-poised-to-send-billions-from-frozen-russian-assets-to-ukraine
EU countries seal €5-billion deal on military aid to Ukraine: European Union countries reached on Wednesday evening a hard-fought deal to boost and revamp ...
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/13/eu-countries-seal-5-billion-deal-on-military-aid-to-ukraine-after-weeks-of-disagreements
Quick Glance: TikTok Ban: Economic and Social Implications for Creators
- Creators in the U.S. express concern over a potential ban of TikTok, highlighting the impact it could have on their livelihoods.
- The app, a vital income source for many, has also served as a platform for dialogue and community building.
- Some view TikTok as an opportunity for marginalized groups, while others fear the dangerous precedent a ban could set.
- TikTok's influence extends beyond financial aspects, with significant social implications that many consider essential and invaluable.
France pitches radical joint EU borrowing plan to pay for defense: “War is back” in Europe, Paris says as it floats idea to counter decades of underinvestment ...
politico.eu/article/france-pitch-radical-joint-eu-borrowing-plan-pay-defense/
Next
New to NewsWall?
Sign up now to get your own personalized news!
Trending topics